Introduction: Growing Fresher Hiring Demand in Testing
Software testing is one of the most in-demand entry-level IT roles for fresh graduates. Every software product—websites, mobile apps, banking systems, e-commerce platforms—must be tested before it reaches users. Because of this, companies continuously hire software testing freshers who have strong basics and a good testing mindset.
The biggest advantage for freshers is that software testing does not require deep coding knowledge at the beginning. Interviewers mainly look for:
- Clear understanding of testing fundamentals
- Logical thinking and attention to detail
- Ability to explain scenarios in simple words
That’s why preparing the right software testing fresher interview questions and answers is extremely important. This article is written purely for beginners, using simple explanations, step-by-step guidance, real examples, sample test cases, and bug report formats.
What Is Software, Manual, and Automation Testing? (Simple Explanation)
What Is Software Testing?
Software testing is the process of checking whether a software application works correctly and meets user expectations.
Simple Example:
If a login page allows users to log in without entering a password, that is a defect. Testing helps find such issues before users face problems.
What Is Manual Testing?
Manual testing means testing the application by hand, without using any automation tools.
Examples:
- Entering username and password manually
- Clicking buttons and links
- Checking error messages
Manual testing is the foundation of software testing, especially for freshers.
What Is Automation Testing?
Automation testing uses tools and scripts to test software automatically.
Simple Example:
Instead of testing the same login feature many times manually, a script performs those steps automatically.
For freshers, companies expect strong manual testing basics first. Automation can be learned later.
Software Testing Fresher Interview Questions and Answers
Below are 90+ software testing fresher interview questions and answers, arranged from very basic to slightly advanced levels.
Very Basic Software Testing Interview Questions
1. What is software testing?
Software testing is the process of verifying that software works as expected.
2. Why is software testing important?
It helps find defects early and ensures software quality.
3. What is a bug?
A bug is an error where actual output does not match expected output.
4. What is a defect?
Defect and bug mean the same thing.
5. What is QA?
QA (Quality Assurance) focuses on preventing defects by improving processes.
Fresher QA Interview Q&A – Basic Concepts
6. Difference between QA and testing?
- QA is process-oriented
- Testing is product-oriented
7. What is a test case?
A test case is a set of steps used to verify a feature.
8. What is a test scenario?
A high-level description of what needs to be tested.
Example:
Verify login functionality.
9. What is test data?
Input values used while testing the application.
10. What is a test plan?
A document that explains testing scope, approach, and schedule.
Manual Testing Concepts for Freshers
11. What is functional testing?
Testing application features against requirements.
12. What is non-functional testing?
Testing performance, usability, and security.
13. What is regression testing?
Re-testing existing features after changes.
14. What is smoke testing?
Basic testing to check if the build is stable.
15. What is sanity testing?
Quick testing after small fixes.
Software Testing Life Cycle (STLC) Interview Questions
16. What is STLC?
STLC is the process followed during testing activities.
17. Phases of STLC?
- Requirement analysis
- Test planning
- Test case design
- Test execution
- Defect reporting
- Test closure
18. What is requirement analysis?
Understanding what needs to be tested.
19. What is test execution?
Running test cases and recording results.
20. What is test closure?
Final reporting and documentation after testing.
Practical Software Testing Interview Questions
21. What is verification?
Checking documents before development.
22. What is validation?
Checking the actual application.
23. What is positive testing?
Testing with valid inputs.
24. What is negative testing?
Testing with invalid inputs.
25. What is boundary value testing?
Testing input values at their limits.
Scenario-Based QA Questions for Beginners
26. How will you test a login page?
- Valid credentials
- Invalid credentials
- Blank fields
- Password masking
- Error messages
27. How will you test a registration page?
- Mandatory fields
- Email format
- Password rules
- Duplicate user check
28. What will you do if a developer rejects your bug?
Re-check the issue and explain clearly with steps and screenshots.
29. How do you prioritize test cases?
Based on business impact and usage.
30. What if requirements are unclear?
Discuss with the business analyst or team lead.
Sample Test Cases for Freshers
Login Test Case Example
| Field | Details |
| Test Case ID | TC_Login_01 |
| Scenario | Verify login with valid credentials |
| Steps | Enter username → Enter password → Click Login |
| Expected Result | User logs in successfully |
| Status | Pass |
Mobile Application Test Case Example
Scenario: Verify mobile app launch
- Install app
- Launch app
- Verify splash screen
- Check home screen loads
API Test Case Example (Basic Awareness)
Scenario: Verify login API
- Send valid request
- Check response status
- Validate response message
UI Test Case Example
Scenario: Verify button alignment
- Check size
- Check color
- Check text visibility
Bug Report Writing Examples for Freshers
Sample Bug Report Format
Bug ID: BUG_1001
Title: Login fails with valid credentials
Environment: Chrome, Windows
Steps to Reproduce:
- Open application
- Enter valid username and password
- Click Login
Expected Result: User logs in successfully
Actual Result: Error message displayed
Severity: High
Status: New
Tips to Answer Confidently in Software Testing Interviews
- Use simple and clear language
- Explain answers with real-life examples
- Do not guess answers
- Be honest if you don’t know something
- Focus on fundamentals
Interviewers prefer clear thinking and logic over memorized definitions.
Quick Revision Sheet (One-Glance Summary)
- Software testing ensures quality
- Manual testing is the foundation
- Test case = steps + expected result
- Bug = mismatch in behavior
- Communication is important
FAQs – Software Testing Fresher Interview Questions and Answers
Q1. Is software testing good for freshers?
Yes, it is one of the best entry-level IT roles.
Q2. Is coding required for software testing?
No, coding is not required for manual testing.
Q3. How many interview rounds are there?
Usually 2–3 rounds.
Q4. What skills are required for freshers?
Logical thinking, attention to detail, and basics.
Q5. Can freshers move to automation testing later?
Yes, after mastering software testing fundamentals.