Interview Questions for Automation Testing Selenium Java

Leave a Comment / Uncategorized / By

Introduction: Why Java Is Needed for Automation Testing

Automation testing has become a core skill for software testers, and Java + Selenium is the most widely used combination in the industry. Almost every QA automation interview includes questions on Core Java concepts, Selenium WebDriver, and framework design.

Java is preferred in automation testing because:

  • Selenium automation scripts are written using Java
  • Java supports Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), essential for scalable frameworks
  • Platform-independent and stable
  • Easy integration with TestNG, JUnit, Cucumber, Rest Assured
  • Works well with CI/CD tools like Jenkins

That’s why mastering interview questions for automation testing selenium java is critical for freshers, experienced testers, and SDET roles.

Core Java Topics for Automation Testing (Interview Focus)

Before Selenium, interviewers validate your Core Java fundamentals.

1. OOP Concepts

  • Class & Object
  • Inheritance
  • Polymorphism
  • Encapsulation
  • Abstraction

2. Java Collections

  • List → ArrayList, LinkedList
  • Set → HashSet
  • Map → HashMap, LinkedHashMap

3. Exception Handling

  • try, catch, finally
  • Checked vs Unchecked exceptions

4. Multithreading (Basics)

  • Thread class
  • Runnable interface

5. Java 8 Features

  • Streams
  • Lambda expressions
  • forEach()

Interview Questions for Automation Testing Selenium Java (Core Java)

Q1. Why is Java used in automation testing?

Java is used to write automation scripts, design frameworks, and integrate testing tools.

Q2. What is JVM?

JVM (Java Virtual Machine) executes Java bytecode and makes Java platform-independent.

Q3. What is OOP?

OOP organizes code into reusable objects for better maintenance.

Q4. Explain inheritance with example.

class Browser {

    void open() {

        System.out.println(“Browser opened”);

    }

}

class Chrome extends Browser {

    void test() {

        System.out.println(“Running tests in Chrome”);

    }

}

public class Demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Chrome c = new Chrome();

        c.open();

        c.test();

    }

}

Output

Browser opened

Running tests in Chrome

Q5. What is polymorphism?

Same method name showing different behavior.

class Login {

    void login() {

        System.out.println(“Login with password”);

    }

    void login(String otp) {

        System.out.println(“Login with OTP”);

    }

}

Q6. What is encapsulation?

Wrapping data using private variables and accessing it via public methods.

Q7. Abstract class vs Interface?

Abstract ClassInterface
Can have method bodyMethods abstract by default
Constructor allowedNo constructor
Partial abstractionFull abstraction

Q8. What is ArrayList?

Dynamic array that allows duplicate values.

Q9. ArrayList vs LinkedList?

  • ArrayList → Faster access
  • LinkedList → Faster insertion and deletion

Q10. HashMap example.

HashMap<String,String> map = new HashMap<>();

map.put(“browser”,”chrome”);

System.out.println(map.get(“browser”));

Output

chrome

Q11. Checked vs Unchecked exceptions?

  • Checked → IOException
  • Unchecked → NullPointerException

Q12. Exception handling example.

try {

    int a = 10 / 0;

} catch (ArithmeticException e) {

    System.out.println(“Exception handled”);

}

Output

Exception handled

Q13. What is multithreading?

Running multiple threads simultaneously.

Q14. Thread vs Runnable?

Runnable is preferred because Java does not support multiple inheritance.

Q15. Java 8 Stream example.

List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(10,20,30);

list.stream().filter(x -> x > 15).forEach(System.out::println);

Output

20

30

Selenium Interview Questions for Automation Testing (Java)

Q16. What is Selenium?

Selenium is an open-source tool used to automate web applications.

Q17. What is Selenium WebDriver?

WebDriver controls browsers directly using browser drivers.

Q18. Selenium code to open browser.

WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

driver.get(“https://example.com”);

Q19. What are locators?

Locators identify web elements.

Types:

  • id
  • name
  • className
  • xpath
  • cssSelector

Q20. XPath vs CSS Selector?

XPath supports backward traversal; CSS selector is faster and simpler.

Q21. Implicit vs Explicit wait.

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofSeconds(10));

WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10));

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(element));

Java Selenium Coding Challenges (Interview Level)

Q22. Handle dropdown.

Select select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id(“country”)));

select.selectByVisibleText(“India”);

Q23. Handle alert.

Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();

alert.accept();

Q24. Take screenshot.

File src = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);

Q25. Find all links on a page.

List<WebElement> links = driver.findElements(By.tagName(“a”));

System.out.println(links.size());

Q26. File handling example.

BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(“data.txt”));

System.out.println(br.readLine());

Real-Time Interview Scenarios (Automation Testing)

Scenario 1: Page Object Model (POM)

  • Base class → Driver setup
  • Page classes → Locators & methods
  • Test classes → Assertions
  • Utilities → Config and reports

Scenario 2: Login Automation Test

  1. Launch browser
  2. Enter username and password
  3. Click Login
  4. Validate dashboard page

Scenario 3: API + UI Validation

  • Call API
  • Capture response
  • Validate UI data with API response

Scenario 4: Database Validation

  • Fetch data from database
  • Compare with UI displayed values

JUnit Interview Questions (Java Automation)

Q27. What is JUnit?

JUnit is a unit testing framework for Java.

Q28. Common JUnit annotations?

  • @Test
  • @Before
  • @After

TestNG Interview Questions (Java Automation)

Q29. What is TestNG?

TestNG is an advanced testing framework inspired by JUnit.

Q30. Important TestNG annotations?

  • @Test
  • @BeforeMethod
  • @AfterMethod
  • @BeforeSuite

Q31. DataProvider example.

@DataProvider

public Object[][] loginData() {

    return new Object[][] {{“user”,”pass”}};

}

Q32. TestNG priority example.

@Test(priority = 1)

public void loginTest() {}

Selenium + Java + API Practical Example

Response response = RestAssured.get(“/users”);

System.out.println(response.getStatusCode());

Output

200

Framework Design Interview Questions (Very Important)

Q33. What is Hybrid Framework?

Combination of POM + Data-Driven + Keyword-Driven frameworks.

Q34. What is Cucumber?

BDD framework using Gherkin syntax (Given–When–Then).

Q35. CI/CD tools used in automation testing?

  • Jenkins
  • GitHub Actions
  • Azure DevOps

Common Mistakes in Automation Testing Selenium Java Interviews

  • Weak Core Java fundamentals
  • Memorizing answers without coding practice
  • Poor Selenium synchronization handling
  • Hard-coded test data
  • Weak framework design understanding

1-Page Revision Table / Notes

Arealear Focus
Core JavaOOP, Collections, Streams
SeleniumLocators, Waits
TestNG/JUnitAnnotations, DataProvider
FrameworkPOM, Hybrid, Cucumber
APIRest Assured
CI/CDJenkins

FAQs – Interview Questions for Automation Testing Selenium Java

Q1. Is Java mandatory for Selenium automation interviews?
 Yes, Java is the most commonly expected language.

Q2. Are coding questions asked in automation interviews?
 Yes, Java and Selenium coding questions are very common.

Q3. Is TestNG better than JUnit for automation testing?
 Yes, TestNG supports parallel execution and better reporting.

Q4. Do automation testers need API testing knowledge?
 Yes, modern automation roles expect API testing skills.

Leave a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *