Software Testing Interview Questions for Freshers

Introduction: Growing Hiring Demand for Freshers in Software Testing

Software testing is one of the most popular entry-level IT career options for fresh graduates. Companies hire freshers for testing roles because testing focuses on logic, understanding requirements, attention to detail, and communication skills—not deep programming knowledge.

If you are preparing for your first QA interview, this article on software testing interview questions for freshers will help you understand:

• Basic testing concepts in simple words
  
• Frequently asked interview questions with answers
  
• Real-world testing scenarios
  
• Sample test cases and bug reports
  

This guide is written especially for beginners, even if you have no prior experience.

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What Is Software Testing? (Simple Explanation)

Software Testing is the process of checking whether a software application works correctly and as expected.

Simple Example

Imagine a login page:

• User enters username and password
  
• Clicks Login
  
• If credentials are correct → user logs in
  
• If wrong → error message appears
  

Testing checks whether all these conditions work properly.

Main Goal of Testing

• Find defects (bugs)
  
• Improve software quality
  
• Ensure customer satisfaction
  

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What Is Manual Testing?

Manual Testing means testing software by hand, without using automation tools.

A tester manually:

• Clicks buttons
  
• Enters data
  
• Checks results
  
• Reports bugs
  

Example

Entering an incorrect password and verifying the error message is manual testing.

👉 Most freshers start their careers with manual testing, so interviews focus heavily on it.

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What Is Automation Testing? (For Freshers)

Automation Testing uses tools and scripts to test software automatically.

• Reduces repetitive work
  
• Faster execution
  
• Requires basic programming knowledge
  

👉 For freshers, interviewers mainly expect basic understanding, not hands-on expertise.

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Software Testing Interview Questions for Freshers (With Answers)

🔹 Basic Software Testing Questions (1–25)

1. What is software testing?
   Software testing checks whether an application works as expected.
   
2. Why is testing required?
   To find bugs and ensure quality before release.
   
3. What is a bug?
   A bug is an error in software that causes incorrect behavior.
   
4. What is quality assurance (QA)?
   QA ensures the process used to build software is correct.
   
5. What is quality control (QC)?
   QC focuses on finding defects in the product.
   
6. What is manual testing?
   Testing software manually without automation tools.
   
7. What is automation testing?
   Testing software using tools and scripts.
   
8. What is a test case?
   A set of steps to verify a feature.
   
9. What is a test scenario?
   A high-level idea of what to test.
   
10. Difference between test case and test scenario?
    Test scenario is brief; test case is detailed.
    
11. What is verification?
    Checking documents like requirements.
    
12. What is validation?
    Checking the actual software.
    
13. What is SDLC?
    Software Development Life Cycle.
    
14. What is STLC?
    Software Testing Life Cycle.
    
15. What is black box testing?
    Testing without knowing internal code.
    
16. What is white box testing?
    Testing with code knowledge.
    
17. What is functional testing?
    Testing features against requirements.
    
18. What is non-functional testing?
    Testing performance, usability, security, etc.
    
19. What is smoke testing?
    Basic testing to check build stability.
    
20. What is sanity testing?
    Testing specific functionality after minor changes.
    
21. What is regression testing?
    Ensuring old features work after changes.
    
22. What is severity?
    How serious a bug is.
    
23. What is priority?
    How urgently a bug should be fixed.
    
24. Difference between severity and priority?
    Severity = impact, Priority = urgency.
    
25. What is a build?
    A version of software given for testing.
    

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🔹 Slightly Advanced Questions (26–45)

26. What is test plan?
    A document describing testing strategy and scope.
    
27. What is test data?
    Input values used for testing.
    
28. What is positive testing?
    Testing with valid inputs.
    
29. What is negative testing?
    Testing with invalid inputs.
    
30. What is boundary value analysis?
    Testing minimum and maximum values.
    
31. What is equivalence partitioning?
    Dividing input data into valid and invalid groups.
    
32. What is defect life cycle?
    Life of a bug from detection to closure.
    
33. What are defect statuses?
    New, Open, Fixed, Retest, Closed, Rejected.
    
34. What is re-testing?
    Testing a fixed bug again.
    
35. What is UAT?
    User Acceptance Testing by end users.
    
36. What is test environment?
    Setup where testing happens.
    
37. What is exploratory testing?
    Testing without predefined test cases.
    
38. What is ad-hoc testing?
    Informal testing without documentation.
    
39. What is defect leakage?
    Bug found by users after release.
    
40. What is defect density?
    Number of bugs per module.
    
41. What is checklist testing?
    Testing using a checklist.
    
42. What is alpha testing?
    Testing done by internal teams.
    
43. What is beta testing?
    Testing done by real users.
    
44. What is release testing?
    Final testing before production.
    
45. Why choose software testing as a career?
    Easy entry, good growth, strong demand.
    

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Scenario-Based QA Questions for Freshers

46. Login button not working. What will you do?
    

• Verify steps
  
• Check expected result
  
• Log a bug
  

47. App crashes after clicking submit. Severity?
    High severity.
    
48. Spelling mistake on homepage. Priority?
    Low severity, low priority.
    
49. Valid user unable to login. What testing type?
    Functional testing.
    
50. Bug fixed but new issue appears. What testing?
    Regression testing.
    

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Sample Test Cases for Freshers

✅ Login Page Test Cases

Test Case ID	Scenario	Steps	Expected Result
TC01	Valid Login	Enter valid username & password	Login successful
TC02	Invalid Login	Enter wrong password	Error message
TC03	Empty Fields	Click login without input	Validation message

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✅ Mobile Application Test Case

Scenario: App Installation

• App installs successfully
  
• App icon visible
  
• App opens without crash
  

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✅ API / UI Simple Test Idea

• API returns correct status code (200)
  
• UI displays correct data from API
  

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Bug Report Writing Example for Freshers

🐞 Sample Bug Report

Bug ID: BUG_001
Title: Login button not responding
Module: Login
Steps to Reproduce:

1. Open application
   
2. Enter valid username and password
   
3. Click Login
   

Expected Result: User should login successfully
Actual Result: No response
Severity: High
Priority: High
Status: New

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Tips to Answer Confidently in Interviews

• Use simple language
  
• Give real examples
  
• Don’t panic if you don’t know everything
  
• Practice explaining test cases
  
• Revise software testing interview questions for freshers daily
  

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Quick Revision Sheet (Last-Minute Prep)

• Software testing = quality check
  
• Manual testing = without tools
  
• Test case = steps + expected result
  
• Bug = mismatch between expected & actual
  
• Severity = impact
  
• Priority = urgency
  
• Regression = testing after changes
  

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FAQs – Software Testing Interview Questions for Freshers

Q1. Is software testing good for freshers?
Yes, it is one of the best entry-level IT roles.

Q2. Do freshers need coding for testing?
No, coding is not required for manual testing.

Q3. Can a fresher move to automation later?
Yes, manual testing is the foundation.

Q4. How to prepare for testing interviews as a fresher?
Understand basics, practice test cases, and revise interview questions.